During the last few days I struggled with installing Oracle XE 11g on an Ubuntu VM. And with “the last few days” I mean “the last few weeks”. Sad, but true. Here is what I learned about installing Oracle XE 11g on Ubuntu. But please note that I am not a Linux specialist nor an Oracle specialist – it was my first try. And as you will see, I try to make my life as easy as possible. But let’s start with the very basics.
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![Oracle Oracle](/uploads/1/1/8/5/118502120/886685006.png)
Oracle Database Express Edition 11g (or just Oracle XE) is the free version of Oracles 11g database. It was released in 2011 and is the second free version of Oracle’s database. The first free version was Oracles XE 10g, which was released in 2005. The latest paid version of Oracle’s database is 12c, which was released in 2013.
It is true that Oracle does not provide the recent versions of their database software for Mac OS. The most recent versions available for you to download for Mac is Oracle 10g R2, which is quite outdated now, since it was first released in July 20. If you set up NFS, then you can download and unzip Oracle on the Mac, into a directory you share using NFS (www.oracle.com, Downloads, look for Database 10g for Linux, 32 bit).3 While it's downloading, it might be a good time to install your favourite Firefox bookmark synchronisation service - I use Foxmarks. The first step to getting Oracle on your Mac is to download a program called VirtualBox. This program allows you to run virtual machines, which are self-contained operating systems. It will let you run a Windows or Linux operating system inside your Mac. PHP Release Management Process – Setting Web Development Environment (Mac OS X) PHP Release Management Process – Setting Database Development Environment (Mac OS X) PHP Release Management Process – Collaboration within Team (Mac OS X) PHP Release Management Process – Common Issues with Git (Mac OS X).
What is really confusing is the fact that the release date of the paid versions is different from the release date of the free versions. So don’ be confused, the latest free database from Oracle is 11g.
Version | Paid | Free |
Version 9i: | 2001 | – |
Version 10g: | 2003 | 2005 |
Version 11g: | 2007 | 2011 |
Version 12c: | 2013 | – |
By the way, the i, g and c in the database names stand for internet, grid and cloud.
You can download Oracle XE from the link below – and this is where the pain begins. First of all you need an Oracle account, but this is free and easy. Then you have the choice between two packages:
- One package for Windows which only runs on a 32-bit machine as Oracle says. But don’t worry, it also runs on a 64-bit machine (like mine) and although the unzipped installation folder is called
DISK1
there is noDISK2
or something. Just run thesetup.exe
. - One package for Linux which is meant to run on a 64-bit machine as Oracle says. And here is the first pain: The package is only available as RPM so you first have to run alien on it to convert it for Ubuntu.
My first approach was to install Oracle XE by hand. Although this seems to be the straightforward solution, it was the most painful one. You have to convert the RPM package to a DEP package, create a
chkconfig
script, create some mystic kernel parameters in a 60-oracle.conf
, set your swap space to 2GB or more, create some more folders, install the DEB package, configure the database, export some environment variables like ORACLE_HOME
(are you still with me?), reload that changes and then start the Oracle service and connect via SQLPlus. Easy, isn’t it? That’s why Oracle is making so much money with consulting ?And how to know all this steps? Well, use Google, because the best descriptions I found are not from Oracle. To be precise, I found no official description how to setup the Oracle XE database. Here is what I found on blogs and forums. Just choose one that suits you best. They are all really good, thanks to the people who wrote this!
Vagrant is a free tool to create Linux VMs automatically. This means you can run Vagrant with a simple configuration file (called
Vagrantfile
) which describes a Linux VM (e.g. how many CPUs it should have or which image should be installed). Vagrant will create a VM according to this configuration and start it. This gives you the ability to create the same machine with the exact same configuration over and over again.Puppet is a tool to orchestrate Linux machines. This means Puppet can automatically install programs, create folders or write files. You can download and use it for free. It perfectly integrates into Vagrant. So you can create a VM with Vagrant and as soon as it is ready it can be orchestrated by Puppet.
The really great thing about Vagrant and Puppet is that such scripts can be exchanged. This means that you can write a setup of scripts for something (e.g. to install Oracle XE) and share it with other people. And this is what those to guys did:
- Matthew Baldwin wrote a complete Puppet (and Vagrant) setup to install Oracle XE on CentOS (a “RPM-Linux“). You find it here on GitHub.
- Hilverd Reker wrote a complete Puppet (and Vagrant) setup to install Oracle XE on Ubuntu 12.04 (a “DEB-Linux“). You find it here on GitHub.
Both projects work the same:
- Install Vagrant, VirtualBox and Puppet
- Checkout the GitHub repository or download it as a ZIP-file
- Download the Oracle XE installation files and put it in some folder which you can read in the README.md of the projects
- Go to the root folder of the project and run
vagrant up
. This will download a Linux image, install it to a VM and do all the rest (including installing Oracle XE). Note that this will take some time depending on your internet connection! - Now you can call
vagrant ssh
and you got a running Linux VM with Oracle XE!
Both projects work really well and install an Oracle XE instance in a couple of minutes.
This one is the nicest way to install Oracle XE. Docker is an application container for Linux. It is based on LXC and gives you the ability to package complete application including their dependencies to a self-containing file (called an image). These images can be exchanged and run on every Linux machine where Docker is installed! Awesome!
Docker images are also shared around the community on https://index.docker.io. And this is where this two guys come into play:
- Wei-Ming Wu made a Docker image containing Oracle XE. You can find it here.
- Alexei Ledenev extended Wei-Ming Wu’s image to also use the Oracle web console (APEX). You can find it here.
Both projects work the same:
- Install Docker on your Linux machine. You can find instructions for that at http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/installation/ubuntulinux. But it is nothing more then this:24sudo apt-key adv--keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com--recv-keys36A1D7869245C8950F966E92D8576A8BA88D21E9sudo sh-c'echo deb http://get.docker.io/ubuntu docker mainsudo apt-get update
- Pull the image to your machine:
- Run the image:docker run-d-p49160:22-p49161:1521-p49162:8080alexeiled/docker-oracle-xe-11g
- That’s it. Absolutely simple.
The great thing is that those images are not as big as a virtual machine. They only contain the actual application and its environment. But they are packed in a way that they can be executed everywhere right out of the box but are still isolated. You can also make changes to the images and create another image containing your changed system.
- Download Oracle XE: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/database-technologies/express-edition/downloads/index.html
- Oracle XE installation guide (1): https://community.oracle.com/thread/2229554
- Oracle XE installation guide (2): http://meandmyubuntulinux.blogspot.de/2012/05/installing-oracle-11g-r2-express.html
- Oracle XE installation guide (3): http://sysadminnotebook.blogspot.de/2012/10/installing-oracle-11g-r2-express.html
- Download Puppet: http://info.puppetlabs.com/download-puppet-open-source
- Download Vagrant: http://www.vagrantup.com/downloads.html
- Download VirtualBox: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
- Installing Docker: http://docs.docker.io/en/latest/installation/ubuntulinux
- How Docker works: https://www.docker.io/the_whole_story
- Oracle XE Docker image (1): https://index.docker.io/u/wnameless/oracle-xe-11g
- Oracle XE Docker image (2): https://index.docker.io/u/alexeiled/docker-oracle-xe-11g/
- Oracle XE Vagrant/Puppet setup for Ubuntu: https://github.com/hilverd/vagrant-ubuntu-oracle-xe
- Oracle XE Vagrant/Puppet setup for CentOS: https://github.com/matthewbaldwin/vagrant-xe11g
Best regards,
Thomas
Thomas
Related Posts
Installation Guide
11g Release 2 (11.2)for Linux x86-64
E18802-03
July 2011
Welcome to Oracle Database Express Edition Installation Guide for Linux x86-64. This guide covers the following topics:
Note:
The most up-to-date version of this installation guide is available from the Oracle Database Express Edition (Oracle Database XE) download page on Oracle Technology Network:1 Introduction
Oracle Database XE is easy to install. Oracle Database XE provides an Oracle database and tools for managing the database.
Oracle Database XE supports the following development environments:
- Oracle SQL Developer: Oracle SQL Developer is a graphical version of SQL*Plus that gives database developers a convenient way to perform basic tasks. You can connect to any target Oracle Database XE schema using standard Oracle database authentication. Once connected, you can perform operations on objects in the database.Download and install Oracle SQL Developer from:
- Oracle Application Express: Oracle Database XE includes Oracle Application Express, a rapid web application development tool for the Oracle database. Oracle Application Express is enabled by default in Oracle Database XE.
- Java: Java is an open-source programing language that is designed for use in the distributed environment of the Internet. You can use Oracle JDeveloper, which is a free integrated Java development environment with support for the full development life cycle.Download and install Oracle JDeveloper from:
- PHPPHP is an open-source server-side embedded scripting language that is designed for Web development. PHP code can be embedded in HTML. You can download and install PHP from
http://www.php.net
.
For more information on Oracle Database XE, see the following:
- Oracle Database XE home page on the Oracle Technology Network:
- Oracle Database XE Documentation Library:Click the appropriate link on the Oracle Database XE home page on the Oracle Technology Network; or from the system menus, get to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Help, then Read Documentation.
- Discussion forum:Click the appropriate link on the Oracle Database XE home page on the Oracle Technology Network; or from the system menus, get to Oracle Database 11g Express Edition and select Get Help, then Go to Online Forum.
2 Requirements
This section covers the following topics:
2.1 Software Requirements
This section covers the following topics:
2.1.1 System Requirements
Table 1 provides system requirements for Oracle Database XE.
Table 1 Oracle Database XE Requirements
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Requirement | Value |
---|---|
Operating system | One of the following:
|
Network protocol | The following protocols are supported:
|
RAM | 256 megabytes minimum, 512 megabytes recommended |
Disk space | 1.5 gigabyte minimum |
Packages |
|
2.1.2 Swap Space Requirements
Minimum swap space required for Oracle Database XE is 2 GB or twice the size of RAM, whichever is lesser.
2.1.3 Server Component Kernel Parameter Requirements
The Oracle Database XE installation checks your system for the following kernel parameter settings. If the kernel parameters of your system are less than the values listed in Table 2, then the installation will modify the kernel parameter setting to use the values in this table.
Table 2 Kernel Parameter Settings Required for Oracle Database XE
Kernel Parameter | Setting |
---|---|
semmsl | 250 |
semmns | 32000 |
semopm | 100 |
semmni | 128 |
shmmax | 4294967295 |
shmmni | 4096 |
shmall | 2097152 |
file-max | 6815744 |
VERSION | 2.4.21 |
ip_local_port_range | 9000–65500 |
2.2 Permission Requirement for Installing Oracle Database XE
You must have root permission to install Oracle Database XE.
3 Licensing Restrictions
This section covers the following topics:
3.1 Oracle Database XE CPU Limitations
If Oracle Database XE is installed on a computer with more than one CPU (including dual-core CPUs), then it will consume, at most, processing resources equivalent to one CPU. For example, on a computer with two CPUs, if two Oracle database clients try to simultaneously execute CPU-intensive queries, then Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition, Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition will use both CPUs to efficiently process the queries. However, with Oracle Database XE, the Oracle database will process the queries at the rate of a single CPU even if concurrent processing on two CPUs would be faster. To use the full processing resources of your computer, upgrade to Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition, Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition.
3.2 Oracle Database XE Installation and Execution Restrictions
Only one installation of Oracle Database XE can be performed on a single computer. This does not affect any existing installation or new installations of Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition, Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition. In addition, users can run only one instance of the Oracle Database XE database on each individual computer. To run more than one Oracle Database server instance or install more than one copy of the database software, upgrade to Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition, Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition.
3.3 Oracle Database XE User Data Limitations
The maximum amount of user data in an Oracle Database XE database cannot exceed 11 gigabytes. If the user data grows beyond this limit, then an
ORA-12592
error will appear. To use more than 11 gigabytes of user data, upgrade to Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition, Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition.3.4 Oracle Database XE RAM Limitation
The maximum amount of RAM that an Oracle Database XE database uses cannot exceed 1 gigabyte, even if more is available. Table 1, 'Oracle Database XE Requirements' provides the minimum and recommended RAM that you should use. The exact amount of RAM that Oracle Database XE uses is computed automatically using Automatic Memory Management.
To use more than 1 gigabyte of RAM, upgrade to Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition, Oracle Database 11g Standard Edition One, or Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition.
For more information about managing memory, refer to Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA.
3.5 HTTPS Support
HTTPS is not supported natively with the HTTP listener built into Oracle Database XE. If you want HTTPS support, use an alternative Web listener, such as Apache, that does provide HTTPS support, and provide proxies for the URLs provided by Oracle Database XE.
For information about managing security in Oracle Database XE, refer to Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA.
4 Installing Oracle Database XE
This section covers the following topics:
4.1 Procedure for Installing Oracle Database XE
Before attempting to install Oracle Database XE 11.2 uninstall any existing Oracle Database XE or database with the SID
XE
from the target system.To install Oracle Database XE:
- Log on to your computer with root permissions.
- Go to the following Web site:
- Click Free Download and follow the instructions to select and download the Linux version of Oracle Database XE.
- Run the Oracle Database XE executable
oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
to install Oracle Database XE.The installation displays a status of its progress. - When prompted, run the following command:
- Enter the following configuration information:
- A valid HTTP port for the Oracle Application Express (the default is 8080)
- A valid port for the Oracle database listener (the default is 1521)
- A password for the
SYS
andSYSTEM
administrative user accounts - Confirm password for
SYS
andSYSTEM
administrative user accounts - Whether you want the database to start automatically when the computer starts (next reboot)
This completes configuration. The database starts during the boot process.
Note:
The password for the INTERNAL
and ADMIN
Oracle Application Express user accounts is initially the same as the SYS
and SYSTEM
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administrative user accounts.To start the database manually, run this command as root user:
To stop the database manually, run the following command as root user:
Note:
You can find the database creation logs in $ORACLE_HOME/config/log/*
.4.2 Performing a Silent Installation
The response file
xe.rsp
is shipped along with the Oracle Database XE executable .rpm
file.To perform a silent installation:
- After downloading the installation executable (described under 'Procedure for Installing Oracle Database XE'), prepare the response file
xe.rsp
that contains settings for the following values:ORACLE_LISTENER_PORT
: A valid listener numeric port value, so that you can connect to Oracle Database XEORACLE_HTTP_PORT
: A valid HTTP port numeric value for Oracle Application ExpressORACLE_PASSWORD
: A password value for theSYS
andSYSTEM
administrative user accountsORACLE_CONFIRM_PASSWORD
: TheSYS
andSYSTEM
password value again, to confirm itORACLE_DBENABLE
: Yes (y
) or no (n
), to specify whether you want to start Oracle Database XE automatically when the computer starts
The default values are populated forORACLE_LISTENER_PORT
,ORACLE_HTTP_PORT
, andORACLE_DBENABLE
in the response file. - Create a wrapper shell script to perform the silent installation.It should contain commands similar to the following:
- Run the wrapper script as the root user.For details of the installation, see the
XEsilentinstall.log
file.
After you complete the silent installation, set the Oracle Database XE environment variables, which is described in Section 4.3, 'Setting the Oracle Database XE Environment Variables'.
Note:
You can find the database creation logs in $ORACLE_HOME/config/log/*
.4.3 Setting the Oracle Database XE Environment Variables
After you have installed and configured Oracle Database XE, users must set their environment before they use Oracle Database XE. They do not need to log on with root permissions to do so. Oracle Database XE provides a script that sets the necessary environment variables.
Follow these steps:
- Go to the following directory:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin
- Look for the following scripts:
oracle_env.csh
(for C or tcsh shell)oracle_env.sh
(for Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell)
- Run the appropriate script for your shell. For example:
- Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:
- C or tcsh shell:
You may also want edit your login or profile files so that these environment variables are set properly each time you log in or open a new shell.
For Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell, enter the following line into the
.bash_profile
(to log in) or .bashrc
file (to open a new shell):For C or tcsh shell, enter the following line into the
.login
file (to log in) or .cshrc
file (to open a new shell):4.4 Making Oracle Database XE Available to Remote Clients
After you install Oracle Database XE, the Get Started With Oracle Database 11g Express Edition home page is only available from the local server, not remotely.
Security Note:
With remote HTTP access to Oracle Database XE, all information exchanged between the browser and the database is in clear text—that is, unencrypted—including database user names and passwords. If this is cause for concern, do not enable remote HTTP connection to the database.To use the SQL Command Line, follow these steps:
- Start SQL*Plus and log in as
SYSTEM
:Or, if you are logging in remotely: - At the SQL prompt, enter the following command:
4.5 Compiling the Oracle ODBC Driver Demos
If you plan to compile and run the Oracle ODBC Driver demos, then follow these steps:
- If you do not have unixODBC DriverManager installed, then download it from the following Web site:
- Set the
ODBCDM_HOME
environment variable to point to the directory where you installed DriverManager. - Run the following make file to compile the Oracle ODBC Driver demos:
5 Starting Oracle Database XE
After you have installed Oracle Database XE, the database is up and running and you can begin using it right away, as follows:
- If the database is currently stopped, start it as follows: click the Main menu (on Gnome) or the Applications menu (on KDE), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then click Start Database.
- Go to the Main menu (on Gnome) or the Applications menu (on KDE), then Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, and then click Run SQL Command Line. Connect to the database using the user name
SYSTEM
, and supply the password that you created during configuration. - To begin learning about Oracle Database XE, use the OracleDatabase XE Documentation.To access the Oracle Database XE Documentation, from the Main menu (on Gnome) or the Applications menu (on KDE), select Oracle Database 11g Express Edition, then Get Help, and then click Read Documentation.
Note:
To use Oracle Database XE, your user id must be a member of Linux group dba
.6 Deinstalling Oracle Database XE
When you deinstall Oracle Database XE, all components, including data files, the database, and the software, are removed. If you want to save your data files but remove the Oracle Database XE software and database, then first export the data by using one of the methods described in Oracle Database Express Edition 2 Day DBA before you deinstall.
Because the deinstallation process removes all files from the directory in which Oracle Database XE is installed, back up any files from the directory (if needed) before you deinstall.
This section covers the following topic:
6.1 Deinstalling the Oracle Database XE Software
Follow these steps:
- Log on with root privileges.
- Run the following command to deinstall Oracle Database XE:
7 Importing and Exporting Data between 10.2 XE and 11.2 XE
To import and export data between 10.2 XE and 11.2 XE, perform the following steps:
- Copy the
gen_inst.sql
file from the upgrade directory of 11.2 XE shiphome to your local directory. - Connect to 10.2 XE database as
SYS
user and rungen_inst.sql
. This will generateinstall.sql
,gen_apps.sql
and other.sql
files. The files will be generated in the folder containinggen_inst.sql
.SQL> @<
local_dir
>/gen_inst.sql
wherelocal_dir
is the local directory wheregen_inst.sql
is copiedNote:Do not copy thegen_inst.sql
file into the 10.2 XE home directory if you plan to install XE 11.2 on the same system. All generated files get deleted if XE 10.2 is uninstalled. - To export the data from 10.2 XE database, perform the following steps:
- Connect to 10.2 XE database as
SYS
user. - Create a dump folder
dump_folder
on the local file system. - Create directory object
DUMP_DIR
withREAD
andWRITE
privilege toSYSTEM
user. - Export data from 10.2 XE database to the dump folder.
- Deinstall 10.2 XE if installation of 11.2 XE is planned on the same system.
- Install 11.2 XE database. For more information see Section 4, 'Installing Oracle Database XE'.
- To import data to the 11.2 XE database, perform the following steps:
- Connect to 11.2 XE database as
SYS
user. - Create directory object
DUMP_DIR
withREAD
andWRITE
privilege toSYSTEM
user. - Import data to 11.2 XE database from the dump folder.
- Connect to 11.2 XE database as
SYS
user and run the scriptinstall.sql
, which was generated in Step 2. This will trigger the execution ofws.sql
,gen._apps.sql,
and other.sql
files.
8 Reporting Security Vulnerabilities
If you find any security vulnerabilities with Oracle Database XE, then send a description of the problem to Oracle at the following e-mail address:
Include the following information in your e-mail:
- A complete description of the problem you encountered
- The version of Oracle Database XE you were using
- The platform on which you were running Oracle Database XE
- Any scripts or examples that may be helpful in tracking down the security problem
For more information on how Oracle handles security issues, visit:
9 Oracle Database XE Character and Language Configurations
Oracle Database XE is available only in Universal multi-language character set and language configuration:
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- The database is created using Unicode(
AL32UTF8
) character set, which is suitable for global data in any language. - Japanese, Brazilian Portuguese, and Simplified Chinese language message files are installed in
ORACLE_HOME
. - The Oracle Application Express user interface and database error messages are available in English, Japanese, Brazilian Portuguese, and Simplified Chinese.
'Globalization Support: Configuring Locale and Character Sets with the NLS_LANG Parameter' provides additional character and language information.
10 Globalization Support: Configuring Locale and Character Sets with the NLS_LANG Parameter
This section explains how to configure globalization settings for Oracle Database XE. It covers the following topics:
10.1 About the NLS_LANG Parameter
Oracle provides globalization support that enables users to interact with a database in their preferred locale and character set settings. Setting the
NLS_LANG
environment variable specifies locale behavior for Oracle software. It sets the language and territory used by the client application and the database server. It also sets the character set for entering and displaying data by a client program, such as SQL*Plus.The
NLS_LANG
parameter uses the following format:NLS_LANG
=
LANGUAGE_TERRITORY
.
CHARACTER_SET
This format is explained in the following table:
Parameter | Description |
---|---|
LANGUAGE | Specifies the language for displaying product messages, day names, and month names in SQL. Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide provides more information about languages. |
TERRITORY | Specifies the cultural-specific conventions for date, number, time, and monetary formatting. Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide provides more information about territory conventions. |
CHARACTER_SET | Specifies the encoding used by the client application, which is usually the character set of the source data being processed, and the character set used in displaying the output. 'Supported Character Sets' provides a list of supported character sets. |
Oracle Database Globalization Support Guide provides information about the
NLS_LANG
parameter and Globalization Support initialization parameters.10.2 Default Values for NLS_LANG
The locale setting of your Linux session affects how you should set your
NLS_LANG
parameter. Table 3 lists the different Linux languages and their default locale IDs, together with the corresponding NLS_LANG
values.Table 3 NLS_LANG Parameter Values for Linux Locales
Language | Locale ID | NLS_LANG |
---|---|---|
English (American) | en_US.UTF-8 | AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 |
English (American) | en_US.ISO-8859-1 | AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1 |
English (American) | en_US.ISO-8859-15 | AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P15 |
English (Australian) | en_AU.UTF-8 | ENGLISH_AUSTRALIA.AL32UTF8 |
English (Australian) | en_AU.ISO-8859-1 | ENGLISH_AUSTRALIA.WE8ISO8859P1 |
English (Australian) | en_AU.ISO-8859-15 | ENGLISH_AUSTRALIA.WE8ISO8859P15 |
English (British) | en_GB.UTF-8 | ENGLISH_UNITED KINGDOM.AL32UTF8 |
English (British) | en_GB.ISO-8859-1 | ENGLISH_UNITED KINGDOM.WE8ISO8859P1 |
English (British) | en_GB.ISO-8859-15 | ENGLISH_UNITED KINGDOM.WE8ISO8859P15 |
English (Ireland) | en_IE.UTF-8 | ENGLISH_IRELAND.AL32UTF8 |
English (Ireland) | en_IE.ISO-8859-1 | ENGLISH_IRELAND.WE8ISO8859P1 |
English (Ireland) | en_IE.ISO-8859-15 | ENGLISH_IRELAND.WE8ISO8859P15 |
Portuguese (Brazilian) | pt_BR.UTF-8 | BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE_BRAZIL. AL32UTF8 |
Portuguese (Brazilian) | pt_BR.ISO-8859-1 | BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE_BRAZIL.WE8ISO8859P1 |
Portuguese (Brazilian) | pt_BR.ISO-8859-15 | BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE_BRAZIL.WE8ISO8859P15 |
Japanese | ja_JP.EUC-JP | JAPANESE_JAPAN.JA16EUC |
Japanese | ja_JP.UTF-8 | JAPANESE_JAPAN.AL32UTF8 |
Chinese (simplified) | zh_CN.GB18030 | SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS32GB18030 |
Chinese (simplified) | zh_CN.UTF-8 | SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.AL32UTF8 |
Chinese (traditional) | zh_TW.BIG5 | TRADITIONAL CHINESE_TAIWAN.ZHT16BIG5 |
Chinese (traditional) | zh_TW.UTF-8 | TRADITIONAL CHINESE_TAIWAN.AL32UTF8 |
10.3 Supported Character Sets
Table 4 lists the supported character sets in Oracle Database XE.
The character set
AL16UTF16
can be used only as an NCHAR
character set, and not as a database character set.Table 4 Supported Universal Character Sets
Name | Description |
---|---|
AL16UTF16 | Unicode 4.0 UTF-16 Universal character set |
AL32UTF8 | Unicode 4.0 UTF-8 Universal character set |
UTF8 | Unicode 3.0 UTF-8 Universal character set, CESU-8 compliant |
10.4 Charmap and Oracle Character Set
The character set mapping (charmap) of the locale ID assigned for each language may vary depending on the distribution and version of the Linux operating system. To determine the current character mapping, enter the following command in a shell:
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Table 5 lists each charmap with its corresponding Oracle character set. In general, you should update the
CHARACTER_SET
part of the NLS_LANG
parameter according to the actual charmap of your Linux session.Table 5 Mapping charmap to Oracle Character Set
Locale charmap | Oracle Character Set |
---|---|
UTF-8 | AL32UTF8 |
ISO-8859-1 | WE8ISO8859P1 |
ISO-8859-2 | EE8ISO8859P2 |
ISO-8859-3 | SE8ISO8859P3 |
ISO-8859-4 | NEE8ISO8859P4 |
ISO-8859-5 | CL8ISO8859P5 |
ISO-8859-6 | AR8ISO8859P6 |
ISO-8859-7 | EL8ISO8859P7 |
ISO-8859-8 | IW8ISO8859P8 |
ISO-8859-9 | WE8ISO8859P9 |
ISO-8859-13 | BLT8ISO8859P13 |
ISO-8859-14 | CEL8ISO8859P14 |
ISO-8859-15 | WE8ISO8859P15 |
BIG5 | ZHT16BIG5 |
BIG5-HKSCS | ZHT16HKSCS |
CP1251 | CL8MSWIN1251 |
CP1255 | IW8MSWIN1255 |
EUC-JP | JA16EUC |
EUC-KR | KO16KSC5601 |
EUC-TW | ZHT32EUC |
GB18030 | ZHS32GB18030 |
GB2312 | ZHS16CGB231280 |
GBK | ZHS16GBK |
TIS-620 | TH8TISASCII |
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if you are hearing impaired.Oracle Database Express Edition Installation Guide, 11g Release 2 (11.2) for Linux x86-64
E18802-03
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